To drive any vehicle (private or government owned) in Japan, you as a SOFA sponsored member, must be properly licensed with a U.S. Forces, Japan operator's permit (USFJ Form 4EJ). Specific qualification and testing requirements must be satisfied before installation commanders may issue these licenses. One of the requirements is that applicants must present one of below driving credentials and remain them valid:
A valid (current) driver's license issued by any state or territory of the US or by the District of Columbia
An international driver's permit (IDP)
A valid Government of Japan driver's license
A written proof that they have successfully completed a certified formal driving course
A valid (current) driver's license issued by the country specified in USFJ Instruction 31-205